Soon to be Published Commentary on James

 Unlike many commentaries that repeat predecessors’ opinions, Eng for Hodder Bible Commentary Series adds some new thoughts on the book of James. Besides exegesis (verse by verse explanations), he provides structural analysis looking at the whole of the book and motifs. I appreciate how he continually brings James’ writings in relation to the Shema (Deut. 6.4-5—Listen, O Israel, the LORD our God is one God. Love the LORD your God with all your heart, soul, strength. There is an exhortation to listen and then do (love…). Christ called this the greatest with a second great command to love your neighbor. Eng points out that James hearkens repeatedly to this listen, acknowledge your fealty to the one True God and then do/love. Besides this, the commentator shows parallels to other Hebrew passages that James readers/hearers would have been familiar with.

Eng decides that of the competing theories as to the author and date of this letter, the most likely is James (Jacob), the earthly brother of Jesus (Y’shua) written before 50 A.D. making it one of the earliest circulated New Testament writings. Chances are perhaps that even believers dispersed outside Judea would have been familiar with some abridged gospel writings, such as the Sermon on the Mount. Though James was not part of the inner circle, the disciples, growing up in Mary’s household, he would have heard his brother pontificate on many of themes that the gospel writers recorded from the Christ’s formal ministry. When the apostles would have taught Christ’s lessons, they probably did not sound alien or new to James. He likely was able to acknowledge and agree with them.

The author also refutes Martin Luther’s dislike of the epistle because it seems to contradict Paul’s epistles espousing salvation through faith alone. Luther focused on Paul’s writings to contrast with the Roman Catholic’s teachings of salvation through works. Eng shows how James’ letter and Paul’s letters can be harmonized.

Like many commentaries, a reader can get lost in the minutiae. Eng tries to bring it back to broader themes and main points (theses) periodically. Such as linking James’ teachings to the Shema. Often it’s easy to understand this epistle as filling in the blanks following “If your really believe….”

…God has chosen you believers, part of the 12 tribes, then you will understand His favor has not disappeared though you face trials and tribulations.
…God wants to complete a good work in you, through you then you can persevere, find joy in the midst of trials.
…God has created a community of brothers and sisters, equal co-heirs, then you will guard your tongue when you talk about God’s beloved.
…God gives good gifts, and not man, then you will not show favoritism expecting quid pro quo.
….God wants you to love your neighbor, you will not cheat workers of their wages.
And so on.

This is worthy companion when reading the epistle of James.

I appreciate the publisher for providing an early copy to review.